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''Japanese'': 御三卿 ''(gosankyou)''

''Japanese'': 御三卿 ''(gosankyou)''

The ''Gosankyô'' were three junior branches of the [[Tokugawa clan]] during the [[Edo period]], lower in rank and power than only the ''[[Gosanke]]'' (''daimyô'' of [[Mito han|Mito]], [[Wakayama han|Kii/Kishû Wakayama]], and [[Owari han|Owari domains]]) and the mainline shogunal lineage itself. Consisting of the [[Hitotsubashi Tokugawa clan|Hitotsubashi]], [[Shimizu Tokugawa clan|Shimizu]], and [[Tayasu Tokugawa clan|Tayasu clans]], they were along with the shogun's lineage and the ''Gosanke'' the only houses permitted to use the Tokugawa name, and the only houses from which successors to the position of [[Shogun]] could be chosen. Members of the ''Gosankyô'' were ineligible, however, for powerful advisory & decision-making positions such as that of ''[[roju|rôjû]]'', and did not enjoy the privilege of offering advice directly to the shogun in times of emergency that the ''Gosanke'' did. Further, while the ''Gosanke'' enjoyed their own [[han|''daimyô'' domains]], the ''Gosankyô'' did not possess extensive fiefs, and were based in mansions in [[Edo]]. Each branch family took its name from the neighborhood or location of its Edo residence.

The ''Gosankyô'' were three junior branches of the [[Tokugawa clan]] during the [[Edo period]], lower in rank and power than only the ''[[Gosanke]]'' (''daimyô'' of [[Mito han|Mito]], [[Wakayama han|Kii/Kishû Wakayama]], and [[Owari han|Owari domains]]) and the mainline shogunal lineage itself. Consisting of the [[Hitotsubashi Tokugawa clan|Hitotsubashi]], [[Shimizu Tokugawa clan|Shimizu]], and [[Tayasu Tokugawa clan|Tayasu clans]], they were along with the shogun's lineage and the ''Gosanke'' the only houses permitted to use the Tokugawa name, and the only houses from which successors to the position of [[Shogun]] could be chosen. Members of the ''Gosankyô'' were ineligible, however, for powerful advisory & decision-making positions such as that of ''[[roju|rôjû]]'', and did not enjoy the privilege of offering advice directly to the shogun in times of emergency that the ''Gosanke'' did. Further, while the ''Gosanke'' enjoyed their own [[han|''daimyô'' domains]], the ''Gosankyô'' did not possess extensive fiefs, and were based at mansions located inside the Tayasu-mon, Hitotsubashi-mon, and Shimizu-mon gates of [[Edo castle]], respectively.

 

The Tayasu, Hitotsubashi, and Shimizu families were descended from [[Tokugawa Munetake]] (second son of Shogun [[Tokugawa Yoshimune]]), [[Tokugawa Munetada]] (fourth son of Yoshimune), and [[Tokugawa Yoshishige]] (second son of Shogun [[Tokugawa Ieshige]]), respectively.<ref name=edotokyo>"Gosanke and gosankyô," gallery labels, Edo-Tokyo Museum.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/47163774342/sizes/k/]</ref>

 

[[Tokugawa Iesato]] (successor to the last shogun, [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]], as head of the Tokugawa house) came from the Tayasu house. Shoguns [[Tokugawa Ienari]] and Yoshinobu came from the Hitotsubashi house.<ref name=edotokyo/>

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==References==

==References==

*Mitani Hiroshi, David Noble (trans.), ''Escape from Impasse'', International House of Japan (2006), xxiv-xxv.

*Mitani Hiroshi, David Noble (trans.), ''Escape from Impasse'', International House of Japan (2006), xxiv-xxv.

[[Category:Clans]]

[[Category:Clans]]

[[Category:Terminology]]

[[Category:Terminology]]

[[Category:Edo Period]]

[[Category:Edo Period]]