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*[[Mutsu province]] was the chief source of [[gold]] to the Heian court in the first half of the Heian period, including especially gold used to buy foreign goods from foreign traders at Hakata. However, by the 11th century, Mutsu was no longer able to provide such amounts. Gold (esp. from Mutsu province) fell away as a major Japanese export in the early 11th century, but reemerged in the late 12th. At that time, some 200-300,000 guan 貫of gold was likely being imported into China from Japan each year, chiefly through Ningpo, where the shibosi claimed a tariff of 10%. - Richard von Glahn, "The Ningbo-Hakata Merchant Network and the Reorientation of East Asian Maritime Trade, 1150-1350," Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 74:2 (2014), 267, 270.
*[[Mutsu province]] was the chief source of [[gold]] to the Heian court in the first half of the Heian period, including especially gold used to buy foreign goods from foreign traders at Hakata. However, by the 11th century, Mutsu was no longer able to provide such amounts. Gold (esp. from Mutsu province) fell away as a major Japanese export in the early 11th century, but reemerged in the late 12th. At that time, some 200-300,000 guan 貫of gold was likely being imported into China from Japan each year, chiefly through Ningpo, where the shibosi claimed a tariff of 10%. - Richard von Glahn, "The Ningbo-Hakata Merchant Network and the Reorientation of East Asian Maritime Trade, 1150-1350," Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 74:2 (2014), 267, 270.
*Nibutani is a small village of only about 500 people. Roughly 80% of them are Ainu. - Kanako Uzawa, "Reshaping the Present by Reconnecting to the Past – From a Perspective of Urban Ainu, Japan," talk given at UC Santa Barbara, 21 May 2018.
*up until c. 1590 or so, many samurai families pride themselves on genealogies tracing themselves back to Korea or China, connecting them to the continent. After Hideyoshi's invasions, and maybe having to do with some other aspect of Tokugawa rule, samurai families no longer claim foreign descent, but craft Fujiwara, Taira, or Minamoto descent.
*up until c. 1590 or so, many samurai families pride themselves on genealogies tracing themselves back to Korea or China, connecting them to the continent. After Hideyoshi's invasions, and maybe having to do with some other aspect of Tokugawa rule, samurai families no longer claim foreign descent, but craft Fujiwara, Taira, or Minamoto descent.