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Shunzhi studied [[Chinese language]] and a variety of other classical subjects of a Chinese education under a group of Buddhist monks he had at court; he is said to have taken a liking to Chinese novels and plays, and during his reign the official History of the Ming (''[[Ming shi]]'') was begun, and the ''[[Six Courses in Morals]]'' reissued. Shunzhi also befriended the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] [[Johann Adam Schall von Bell]], who he called "grandfather," and who Dorgon had appointed head of the Imperial Bureau of Astronomy.

Shunzhi studied [[Chinese language]] and a variety of other classical subjects of a Chinese education under a group of Buddhist monks he had at court; he is said to have taken a liking to Chinese novels and plays, and during his reign the official History of the Ming (''[[Ming shi]]'') was begun, and the ''[[Six Courses in Morals]]'' reissued. Shunzhi also befriended the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] [[Johann Adam Schall von Bell]], who he called "grandfather," and who Dorgon had appointed head of the Imperial Bureau of Astronomy.

In [[1654]], he received two envoys from the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]], who returned to him the [[Ryukyuan royal seal|royal seal]] and imperial rescript given their kingdom by the Ming Dynasty, in return for which Shunzhi provided them with a new Qing seal and imperial rescript, establishing formal investiture/[[tributary]] relations between the Qing and Ryûkyû. An attempt to send a [[Chinese investiture missions|mission to formally invest]] the next king of Ryûkyû in [[1654]] was blocked by Ming loyalists based on [[Taiwan]], however.

In [[1654]], he received two envoys from the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]], who returned to him the [[Ryukyuan royal seal|royal seal]] and imperial rescript given their kingdom by the Ming Dynasty, in return for which Shunzhi provided them with a new Qing seal and imperial rescript, establishing formal [[investiture]]/[[tributary]] relations between the Qing and Ryûkyû. An attempt to send a [[Chinese investiture missions|mission to formally invest]] the next king of Ryûkyû in [[1654]] was blocked by Ming loyalists based on [[Taiwan]], however.

Beginning around [[1660]], the emperor fell in love with one of his junior consorts, and neglected the empress, his first wife.

Beginning around [[1660]], the emperor fell in love with one of his junior consorts, and neglected the empress, his first wife.