Changes

* ''Japanese/Chinese'': 北山 ''(Hokuzan / Běishān)''

* ''Japanese/Chinese'': 北山 ''(Hokuzan / Běishān)'', 三北 ''(Sanhoku / Shānběi)''

* ''Founded: c. [[1314]]''

* ''Founded: c. [[1314]]''

* ''Conquered: [[1416]]''

* ''Conquered: [[1416]]''

Hokuzan was one of three kingdoms which controlled [[Okinawa Island]] in the 14th century. Based at [[Nakijin gusuku|Nakijin]], on the Motobu Peninsula, it controlled the northern part of the island, its neighbors [[Chuzan|Chûzan]] and [[Nanzan]] controlling the central and southern regions respectively. Okinawa, previously controlled by a number of local chieftains or lords, loosely bound by a paramount chieftain or king of the entire island, split into these three more solidly defined kingdoms within a few years after [[1314]]; the [[Sanzan period]] thus began, and would end roughly one hundred years later, when Chûzan's King [[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]]<ref>Technically, Hashi's father [[Sho Shisho|Shô Shishô]] was king of Chûzan in 1416, and neither was called "Shô" until that name was granted them by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming court]] in 1421.</ref> conquered Hokuzan in [[1416]] and Nanzan in [[1429]]<ref>Chronology of Okinawan History. ''Okinawa rekishi jinmei jiten'' (沖縄歴史人名事典, "Encyclopedia of People of Okinawan History"). Naha: Okinawa Bunka-sha, 1996. p85.</ref>.

Hokuzan<ref>The kingdom was more typically referred to as Sanhoku until the time of [[Sai On]] ([[1682]]-[[1761]]), who termed it Hokuzan in his writings. Akamine Mamoru, Lina Terrell (trans.), Robert Huey (ed.), ''The Ryukyu Kingdom: Cornerstone of East Asia'', University of Hawaii Press (2017), 6.</ref>  was one of three kingdoms which controlled [[Okinawa Island]] in the 14th century. Based at [[Nakijin gusuku|Nakijin]], on the Motobu Peninsula, it controlled the northern part of the island, its neighbors [[Chuzan|Chûzan]] and [[Nanzan]] controlling the central and southern regions respectively. Okinawa, previously controlled by a number of local chieftains or lords, loosely bound by a paramount chieftain or king of the entire island, split into these three more solidly defined kingdoms within a few years after [[1314]]; the [[Sanzan period]] thus began, and would end roughly one hundred years later, when Chûzan's King [[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]]<ref>Technically, Hashi's father [[Sho Shisho|Shô Shishô]] was king of Chûzan in 1416, and neither was called "Shô" until that name was granted them by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming court]] in 1421.</ref> conquered Hokuzan in [[1416]] and Nanzan in [[1429]]<ref>Chronology of Okinawan History. ''Okinawa rekishi jinmei jiten'' (沖縄歴史人名事典, "Encyclopedia of People of Okinawan History"). Naha: Okinawa Bunka-sha, 1996. p85.</ref>.

==History==

==History==