Changes

Education in Ryukyuan languages and customs was permitted to continue through the end of the 19th century, alongside the [[education in the Meiji period|public school]] system that was being put into place nationwide.

Education in Ryukyuan languages and customs was permitted to continue through the end of the 19th century, alongside the [[education in the Meiji period|public school]] system that was being put into place nationwide.

Following the Japanese victory in the [[Sino-Japanese War]] in [[1895]], Tokyo was less concerned about offending or angering China, and so the ''kyûkan onzon'' policy began to gradually be rolled back. Land reform was begun in [[1899]], with the ''Okinawa ken tochi seiri hô'', which replaced communal land with private ownership. Where villages previously redistributed land periodically, land was now placed into individual private hands, many of them Japanese (non-Okinawan) landlords. At the same time, tax payment in kind (e.g. in grain, sugar, or textiles) was replaced by monetary payments.<ref>Tessa Morris-Suzuki, "The Frontiers of Japanese Identity," in Stein Tønnesson and Hans Antlöv (eds.), ''Asian Forms of the Nation'', Psychology Press (1996), 59-61.</ref> ''Yukatchu'' stipends were terminated in [[1909]], and various other administrative and policy changes simultaneously began to be imposed in the early years of the 20th century.  

Following the Japanese victory in the [[Sino-Japanese War]] in [[1895]], Tokyo was less concerned about offending or angering China, and so the ''kyûkan onzon'' policy began to gradually be rolled back. Land reform was begun in [[1899]], with the [[Okinawa Prefecture Land Reorganization Project]], which replaced communal land with private ownership. Where villages previously redistributed land periodically, land was now placed into individual private hands, many of them Japanese (non-Okinawan) landlords. At the same time, tax payment in kind (e.g. in grain, sugar, or textiles) was replaced by monetary payments.<ref>Tessa Morris-Suzuki, "The Frontiers of Japanese Identity," in Stein Tønnesson and Hans Antlöv (eds.), ''Asian Forms of the Nation'', Psychology Press (1996), 59-61.</ref> ''Yukatchu'' stipends were terminated in [[1909]], and various other administrative and policy changes simultaneously began to be imposed in the early years of the 20th century.  

==References==

==References==