Changes

* ''Birth: [[1846]]''

* ''Birth: [[1846]]''

* ''Death: [[1866]]''

* ''Death: [[1866]]''

* ''Japanese'': [[徳川]]家茂　''(Tokugawa Iemochi)''  

* ''Japanese'': [[徳川]]家茂　''(Tokugawa Iemochi)''  

He was born in the Kishû Tokugawa residence in Edo in [[1846]], and became the head of the [[Kishu Tokugawa clan|Kishû Tokugawa clan]] at age four.

Tokugawa Iemochi was born in the Kishû Tokugawa residence in Edo in 1846.

He became the head of the [[Kii Tokugawa han|Kishû Tokugawa]] at age four.

There was a faction that supported [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] as successor to the shogun [[Tokugawa Iesada|Iesada]], but when Iesada died in [[1858]], Iemochi became the 14th Tokugawa Shogun by the recommendation of [[Ii Naosuke]].

There was a faction that supported [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] as successor to the shogun [[Tokugawa Iesada|Iesada]], but when Iesada died in [[1858]], Iemochi became the 14th Tokugawa Shogun by the recommendation of [[Ii Naosuke]]. This was during the [[Bakumatsu period]], and the shogunate was facing both domestic troubles and foreign pressures. The shogunate pursued marriage between the Tokugawa line and the Imperial court, a policy known as ''[[kobu gattai|kôbu gattai]]'' ("union of court and military"), in the hopes of appeasing the ''sonnô jôi'' ("Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians") extremists.

This was during the [[Bakumatsu period]], and the [[Bakufu]] was pressured by both internal elements ([[Sonno|Sonnô]] [[Joi|Jôi]]) as well as outside (Foreign countries).

The Bakufu promoted marriage between the Imperial court and

the Shogunate to appease the Sonnô Jôi extremists.

In [[1862]], Iemochi and Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya]] 和宮 ([[Emperor Komei|Emperor Kômei's]] younger sister) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the [[Kobu Gattai|Kôbu Gattai]] policy.

In [[1862]], Iemochi and Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya]] (younger sister of [[Emperor Komei|Emperor Kômei]]) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the ''kôbu gattai'' policy.

In [[1863]], Iemochi visited [[Kyoto]] at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun since [[Tokugawa Iemitsu|Iemitsu]]'s over two-hundred years before. He traveled not along the [[Tokaido|Tôkaidô]], but by ship as far as [[Osaka]],<ref>Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 222.</ref>, and was accompanied by the [[Roshigumi]] (the future [[Shinsengumi]]), which had been conscripted to accompany him as part of his entourage. This journey, along with the shogun's visits to the [[Koganehara]] hunting grounds, were depicted in popular [[printing and publishing|woodblock prints]] through a conceit, replacing Iemochi with [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]].<ref>[[Kurushima Hiroshi]], presentation at "[http://www.hawaii.edu/asiaref/japan/event2013/Index.htm#symposium Interpreting Parades and Processions of Edo Japan]" symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 11 Feb 2013.</ref>

The following year, in [[1863]], Iemochi visited [[Kyoto]] at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun to the Imperial city since that of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] over two hundred years earlier. He traveled not along the [[Tokaido|Tôkaidô]], but by ship as far as [[Osaka]],<ref>Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 222.</ref>, and was accompanied by the [[Roshigumi|Rôshigumi]] (the future [[Shinsengumi]]), which had been conscripted to accompany him as part of his entourage. This journey, along with the shogun's visits to the [[Koganehara]] hunting grounds, were depicted in popular [[printing and publishing|woodblock prints]] through a conceit, replacing Iemochi with [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]].<ref>[[Kurushima Hiroshi]], presentation at "[http://www.hawaii.edu/asiaref/japan/event2013/Index.htm#symposium Interpreting Parades and Processions of Edo Japan]" symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 11 Feb 2013.</ref>

In [[1866]], during the [[second Choshu expedition]], Iemochi died in [[Osaka castle]]. His grave is in [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]] 増上寺, Tokyo.

In [[1866]], during the [[second Choshu expedition]], Iemochi died in [[Osaka castle]]. His grave is at [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]], in Tokyo.

==References==

==References==