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Beginning in [[1641]], Fukuoka was assigned, along with [[Saga han]], to contribute to the defenses of [[Nagasaki]] harbor. As a result of this obligation of military service, the ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' obligations of these two domains were lessened.
Beginning in [[1641]], Fukuoka was assigned, along with [[Saga han]], to contribute to the defenses of [[Nagasaki]] harbor. As a result of this obligation of military service, the ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' obligations of these two domains were lessened.
Over the course of the 17th century, as much as 100,000 ''[[koku]]'' worth of new agricultural land was reclaimed or otherwise brought into cultivation. Farmers who undertook such efforts were incentivized and rewarded with significant tax breaks.<ref>Kalland, 89.</ref>
In [[1718]], the population of the domain reached its Edo period peak, at around 372,000 people. The [[Kyoho famine|Kyôho famine]] of [[1732]] struck a harsh blow to the domain's inhabitants, killing as many as 70,000 people, or around 22% of the population. Among some communities, the proportion lost was as high as 45 percent. The population stabilized, and stagnated, afterwards, around 307,000, and only first began to recover around 1800, not reaching pre-famine levels again until the [[Bakumatsu period]]. In the meantime, unlike in many other parts of the archipelago, little new land was brought under cultivation.<ref>Kalland, 54-55.</ref>
In [[1718]], the population of the domain reached its Edo period peak, at around 372,000 people. The [[Kyoho famine|Kyôho famine]] of [[1732]] struck a harsh blow to the domain's inhabitants, killing as many as 70,000 people, or around 22% of the population. Among some communities, the proportion lost was as high as 45 percent. The population stabilized, and stagnated, afterwards, around 307,000, and only first began to recover around 1800, not reaching pre-famine levels again until the [[Bakumatsu period]]. In the meantime, unlike in many other parts of the archipelago, little new land was brought under cultivation.<ref>Kalland, 54-55.</ref>