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The Shimazu, who may have been descended from the [[Koremune clan]], were founded by [[Shimazu Tadahisa]] (d.[[1227]]), who was appointed as military commander of southern [[Kyushu]] by [[Minamoto Yoritomo]] in [[1187]]. It was once believed that Shimazu Tadahisa was an illegitimate child of [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]], a story that has largely been abandoned since the end of the Edo Period.
The Shimazu, who may have been descended from the [[Koremune clan]], were founded by [[Shimazu Tadahisa]] (d.[[1227]]), who was appointed as military commander of southern [[Kyushu]] by [[Minamoto Yoritomo]] in [[1187]]. It was once believed that Shimazu Tadahisa was an illegitimate child of [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]], a story that has largely been abandoned since the end of the Edo Period.
The Shimazu were splintered into two contending factions following the death of [[Shimazu Sadahisa]] ([[1265]]-[[1351]]) and remained fractured into the [[Sengoku Period]]. Building on the efforts of his father [[Shimazu Takahisa]], [[Shimazu Yoshihisa]] managed to take much of Kyushu by [[1587]] but was forced back by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]].
The clan took its name from the Shimazu ''[[shoen|shôen]]'' (estate) it was granted in southern Kyushu by Yoritomo. This ''shôen'' had been established by [[Taira no Suemoto]] in the 11th century, and had grown to encompass as much as half the territory of Satsuma, Ôsumi, and Hyûga provinces. The estate was taken away from the Taira and given by Yoritomo to the Shimazu, who then became ''[[shugo]]'' in that territory; though they originally appointed ''[[daikan]]'' to administer this territory for them, following the [[Mongol Invasions]], the Shimazu, like many other clans, relocated from [[Kamakura]] to Kyushu, where they began to exercise more direct control over their estates. Militarily and politically fighting off rivals, the Shimazu began to consolidate their power in southern Kyushu.<ref name="reimei">Gallery labels, permanent exhibits, [[Reimeikan Museum]], Kagoshima.</ref>
The Shimazu were splintered into two contending factions following the death of [[Shimazu Sadahisa]] ([[1265]]-[[1351]]) and remained fractured into the [[Sengoku Period]]. Beginning in [[1550]], [[Shimazu Takahisa]], along with his sons [[Shimazu Yoshihisa|Yoshihisa]] and [[Shimazu Yoshihiro|Yoshihiro]], expanded the clan's domains considerably. By [[1574]], they had secured control of Satsuma province by defeating the [[Shibuya clan|Shibuya]] and [[Hishigari clan]]s, and Ôsumi province by defeating the [[Kimotsuki clan|Kimotsuki]], [[Kamo clan|Kamo]], and [[Ijichi clan]]s. They defeated the [[Ito clan|Itô clan]] in [[1577]] to claim control over parts of [[Hyuga province|Hyûga province]], and [[Otomo Sorin|Ôtomo Sôrin]] the following year, at the [[battle of Mimigawa]]. The Shimazu had even defeated [[Sagara Giyo|Sagara Giyô]] and [[Ryuzoji Takanobu|Ryûzôji Takanobu]] of [[Higo province|Higo]] and [[Hizen province]]s, expanding into northern Kyushu, before they suffered defeats at the hands of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]], whose [[1587]] [[Kyushu Campaign]] ended in him securing control of the entire island.<ref name=reimei/>
The Shimazu remained a powerful house through the end of the [[Edo Period]], controlling [[Satsuma han]], with a ''[[kokudaka]]'' of 770,000 ''[[koku]]'', the second-largest of any domain (''[[han]]''). Members of the family continued to be powerful and influential in government and business from the [[Meiji period]] onwards, through the 20th century and today.
The Shimazu remained a powerful house through the end of the [[Edo Period]], controlling [[Satsuma han]], with a ''[[kokudaka]]'' of 770,000 ''[[koku]]'', the second-largest of any domain (''[[han]]''). Members of the family continued to be powerful and influential in government and business from the [[Meiji period]] onwards, through the 20th century and today.
******[[Shimazu Yorihisa]], son of Sadahisa, progenitor of the [[Kawakami clan]]
******[[Shimazu Yorihisa]], son of Sadahisa, progenitor of the [[Kawakami clan]]
******[[Shimazu Munehisa]], son of Sadahisa
******[[Shimazu Munehisa]], son of Sadahisa
******[[Shimazu Morohisa]] (1325-1376), son of Sadahisa, ''[[shugo]]'' of Satsuma province, progenitor of the Shimazu Sôshû family<ref>The Sôshû family was considered one of the chief branch families of the Shimazu lords of Satsuma</ref>
******[[Shimazu Morohisa]] (1325-1376), son of Sadahisa, ''[[shugo]]'' of Satsuma province, progenitor of the Shimazu Sôshû family<ref>The Sôshû family (総州家) was considered one of the chief branch families of the Shimazu lords of Satsuma</ref>
*******[[Shimazu Korehisa]] (1347-1407), son of Morohisa
*******[[Shimazu Korehisa]] (1347-1407), son of Morohisa
********Korehisa's sons [[Shimazu Morihisa]], [[Shimazu Tadatomo]], [[Shimazu Hisateru]]
********Korehisa's sons [[Shimazu Morihisa]], [[Shimazu Tadatomo]], [[Shimazu Hisateru]]