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''Shunga'' images also sometimes appeared within otherwise innocent guides to fashion, makeup, and hairstyling.
''Shunga'' images also sometimes appeared within otherwise innocent guides to fashion, makeup, and hairstyling.
They were also referred to as ''warai-e'', or "laughing pictures," not because they were meant to be humorous, but with the meaning that they were set apart from the normal realm; they belonged to a cultural or conceptual space outside of the mundane realm of real-life propriety and duty.<ref>Jacqueline Berndt, “Manga and ‘Manga’: Contemporary Japanese Comics and their Dis/similarities with Hokusai Manga,” in ''Manggha'', Krakow: Japanese Art and Technology Center (2008), 7.</ref>
==History==
==History==