Changes

*''Japanese'': 南山城 ''(Nanzan gusuku)''

*''Japanese'': 南山城 ''(Nanzan gusuku)''

Nanzan gusuku, also known as Ôzato gusuku, was an Okinawan ''[[gusuku]]''-style fortress which served as the chief seat of power of the kingdom of [[Nanzan]] during the [[Sanzan period]] before [[Okinawa Island]] was united as the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryûkyû]]. Located in the Ôzato neighborhood of Itoman City, the ruins sit on a rise of Ryukyuan limestone roughly 60 meters above sea level.

Nanzan gusuku, also known as [[Shimajiri]] Ôzato gusuku, was an Okinawan ''[[gusuku]]''-style fortress located in the Ôzato neighborhood of Itoman City, the ruins sit on a rise of Ryukyuan limestone roughly 60 meters above sea level. It is not to be confused, however, with Shimasoe [[Ozato gusuku|Ôzato gusuku]], which served as the chief center of power of the [[Nanzan]] kingdom.

''Nozura-zumi'' (unshaped roughly assembled) stone walls remain today. The area around the castle is said to have once consisted of rugged hills, as well as a gentle slope and basin on the south side of the grounds, leading towards [[Kuniyoshi gusuku]] nearby. A ten-meter drop on the north side of the grounds led to a spring called Kadeshi-ga.

''Nozura-zumi'' (unshaped roughly assembled) stone walls remain today. The area around the castle is said to have once consisted of rugged hills, as well as a gentle slope and basin on the south side of the grounds, leading towards [[Kuniyoshi gusuku]] nearby. A ten-meter drop on the north side of the grounds led to a spring called Kadeshi-ga.

As at many other ''gusuku'', excavations have revealed a variety of goods, especially ceramics, including [[Sueki ware]], Chinese and Korean [[celadon]]s, and [[Tenmoku]] tea bowls, signs of vibrant trade connections in the 14th-15th centuries (that is, the period of Nanzan's existence as a cohesive and independent kingdom).

As at many other ''gusuku'', excavations have revealed a variety of goods, especially ceramics, including [[Sueki ware]], Chinese and Korean [[celadon]]s, and [[Tenmoku]] tea bowls, signs of vibrant trade connections in the 14th-15th centuries.

The Lord of Nanzan sent [[tribute]] to [[Ming dynasty|Ming China]] on eight occasions, and received letters and goods in return. Ultimately, however, it would be [[Chuzan|Chûzan]] and not Nanzan that would be recognized by China as the sole true authority in the Ryukyus. A record from [[1426]] relates that a Korean man who had drifted to the [[Miyako Islands]] and was brought back to Okinawa praised Nanzan gusuku as being as splendid as [[Shuri castle]]. Nanzan is also mentioned in the ''[[Omoro soshi|Omoro sôshi]]'' as being widely renowned, and a site of great treasure, which has drink (saké) in abundance.

A record from [[1426]] relates that a Korean man who had drifted to the [[Miyako Islands]] and was brought back to Okinawa praised Nanzan gusuku as being as splendid as [[Shuri castle]].  

Legend has it that [[Taromai]], last king of Nanzan, foolishly traded the Kadeshi-ga spring to [[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]] of Chûzan, for a gilded [[byobu|folding screen]], an action which led to his downfall. Nanzan gusuku also features in the legend of [[Minamoto no Tametomo]], a Japanese samurai who is said to have drifted or otherwise come to Okinawa in the 12th century, and to have sired [[Shunten]], the first king of Okinawa. This legend is considered wholly apocryphal by most historians, who describe it as an obvious attempt at justifying Japanese connections to, or dominance over, the Ryukyuan royal family and by extension the entire kingdom. But, in any case, according to the legend, it was a daughter of ''Ufuzato [[anji]]'', the lord of Nanzan, who married Tametomo and gave birth to Shunten.

Legend has it that [[Taromai]], last king of Nanzan, foolishly traded the Kadeshi-ga spring to [[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]] of Chûzan, for a gilded [[byobu|folding screen]], an action which led to his downfall. Nanzan gusuku also features in the legend of [[Minamoto no Tametomo]], a Japanese samurai who is said to have drifted or otherwise come to Okinawa in the 12th century, and to have sired [[Shunten]], the first king of Okinawa. This legend is considered wholly apocryphal by most historians, who describe it as an obvious attempt at justifying Japanese connections to, or dominance over, the Ryukyuan royal family and by extension the entire kingdom. But, in any case, according to the legend, it was a daughter of ''Ufuzato [[anji]]'', the lord of Nanzan, who married Tametomo and gave birth to Shunten.