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→Other Events of 1903: - taxes
*Japan is officially recognized by the international community as an independent sovereign state under international law, as the result of a decision by the Permanent Court of Arbitration.
*Japan is officially recognized by the international community as an independent sovereign state under international law, as the result of a decision by the Permanent Court of Arbitration.
*Russia promises to withdraw its troops from Manchuria, in the wake of the [[Boxer Rebellion]], but does not do so.
*Russia promises to withdraw its troops from Manchuria, in the wake of the [[Boxer Rebellion]], but does not do so.
*Land reforms in [[Okinawa prefecture]] end the paying of taxes in kind, implementing a modern strictly monetary system of taxation.
*[[James Murdoch]]'s ''[[History of Japan]]'' is published.
*[[James Murdoch]]'s ''[[History of Japan]]'' is published.
*''[[The Ideals of the East]]'', by [[Okakura Kakuzo|Okakura Kakuzô]], is published.
*''[[The Ideals of the East]]'', by [[Okakura Kakuzo|Okakura Kakuzô]], is published.