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==Foundation of the Ryūha==
==Foundation of the Ryûha==
Takenouchi-ryû (or Takeuchi-ryû) is the oldest documented koryu bujutsu ryuha that contains a systemized form of unarmed combat. This ryuha is renowned for it's unarmed combat techniques and being the influence and even the progenitor of a plethora of other koryū [[bujutsu]] ryuha.
Takenouchi-ryû (or Takeuchi-ryû) is the oldest documented koryu bujutsu ryuha that contains a systemized form of unarmed combat. This ryuha is renowned for it's unarmed combat techniques and being the influence and even the progenitor of a plethora of other koryū [[bujutsu]] ryuha.
[[Minamoto clan|Minamoto family]] and originally resided in [[Kyoto]], owning land and estates in [[Mimasaka province]]. During the upheavals of the [[Sengoku Period]] Takenouchi Hisamori became the lord of [[Ichinose castle]] in Mimasaka (美作国), which is now modern day Okayama Prefecture. The castle later fell to an offensive by [[Ukita Ienao|Ukita Ienao's]] (One of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi Hideyoshi's]] generals) forces, inducing the Takenouchi family to flee to the countryside of Mimasaka.
[[Minamoto clan|Minamoto family]] and originally resided in [[Kyoto]], owning land and estates in [[Mimasaka province]]. During the upheavals of the [[Sengoku Period]] Takenouchi Hisamori became the lord of [[Ichinose castle]] in Mimasaka (美作国), which is now modern day Okayama Prefecture. The castle later fell to an offensive by [[Ukita Ienao|Ukita Ienao's]] (One of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi Hideyoshi's]] generals) forces, inducing the Takenouchi family to flee to the countryside of Mimasaka.
According to the Takenouchi Hisamori retreated to Sannomiya shrine and stayed there for six days in order to develop his family's school swordsmanship via training and prayer. Takenouchi Hisamori was a relatively small person even for Japanese people, but used a training sword of two shaku and four sun in length. On the sixth night of [[shūgyō]] as he slept, Hisamori was approached by a mountain ascetic or [[yamabushi]] who Hisamori promptly attacked.
According to the Takenouchi Hisamori retreated to Sannomiya shrine and stayed there for six days in order to develop his family's school swordsmanship via training and prayer. Takenouchi Hisamori was a relatively small person even for Japanese people, but used a training sword of two shaku and four sun in length. On the sixth night of [[Shugyo|shûgyô]] as he slept, Hisamori was approached by a mountain ascetic or [[yamabushi]] who Hisamori promptly attacked.
The yamabushi controlled and restrained the enraged Hisamori with comparative ease until he calmed and then taught him elements of unarmed combat, restraint methods using cord (hojojutsu) and finally the yamabushi broke Hisamori's training sword in half, making two short swords which later became known as ''kogusoku koshi no mawari'' or close combat grappling techniques, armed with a shortsword.
The yamabushi controlled and restrained the enraged Hisamori with comparative ease until he calmed and then taught him elements of unarmed combat, restraint methods using cord (hojojutsu) and finally the yamabushi broke Hisamori's training sword in half, making two short swords which later became known as ''kogusoku koshi no mawari'' or close combat grappling techniques, armed with a shortsword.
The techniques Hisamori learned either via dream, vision, direct teaching from an outside source unspecified or from prior combat experience formed the basis of the Takenouchi-ryû bujutsu curriculum which continually evolved via the experiences of subsequent generations of Takenouchi family descendants into a comprehensive system of martial sciences (''sōgō bujutsu'' 総合武術)containing at present, over 500 techniques.
The techniques Hisamori learned either via dream, vision, direct teaching from an outside source unspecified or from prior combat experience formed the basis of the Takenouchi-ryû bujutsu curriculum which continually evolved via the experiences of subsequent generations of Takenouchi family descendants into a comprehensive system of martial sciences (''sôgô bujutsu'' 総合武術) containing at present, over 500 techniques.
Hisasmori's grandson, Takenouchi Kaganosuke Hisayoshi (竹内加賀之介久吉) is famous for developing Takenouchi-ryū techniques further. Hisayoshi went on [[''musha-shūgyō'']] (武者修業 - Warrior's pilgrimage/training), visiting other domains and challenging members of other ryūha to [[shinken-shobu]] matches. From these [[taryū-jiai]] (他流試合), Hisayoshi's experiences in single combat influenced him to develop additional techniques for the ryuha. Takenouchi Hisayoshi was also responsible for the influence and teaching the founders of other koryū bujutsu ryūha, such as [[Hontai Takagi Yoshin-ryū]] (本體高木楊心流), [[Rikishin-ryū]] (力信流), [[Takenouchi Santō-ryū]] (竹内三統流) and others.
Hisasmori's grandson, [[Takenouchi Hisayoshi|Takenouchi Kaganosuke Hisayoshi]], is famous for developing Takenouchi-ryû techniques further. Hisayoshi went on [[Musha-shugyo|musha-shûgyô]], visiting other domains and challenging members of other ryûha to [[shinken-shobu]] matches. From these [[Taryu-Jiai|taryû-jiai]] (他流試合), Hisayoshi's experiences in single combat influenced him to develop additional techniques for the ryuha. Takenouchi Hisayoshi was also responsible for the influence and teaching the founders of other koryû bujutsu ryūha, such as [[Hontai Takagi Yoshin Ryu|Hontai Takagi Yoshin Ryû]] (本體高木楊心流), [[Rikishin Ryu|Rikishin Ryû]] (力信流), [[Takenouchi Santo Ryu|Takenouchi Santô-ryû]] (竹内三統流) and others.
==Technical Characteristics==
==Technical Characteristics==
One of the main characteristics of Takenouchi-ryû techniques regardless of the discipline, is the lack of complexity. There are a few principle based, simple, basic methods that work again and again in various
One of the main characteristics of Takenouchi-ryū techniques regardless of the discipline, is the lack of complexity. There are a few principle based, simple, basic methods that work again and again in various
situations, scenarios and positions, using either unarmed combat or weaponry.
situations, scenarios and positions, using either unarmed combat or weaponry.
One of the most important parts of Takenouchi-ryū's curriculum is it's kogusoku koshi no mawari syllabus, which teaches the practitioner the use of the [[kodachi]] in conjunction with [[jūjutsu]] techniques.
One of the most important parts of Takenouchi-ryû's curriculum is it's kogusoku koshi no mawari syllabus, which teaches the practitioner the use of the [[kodachi]] in conjunction with [[jujutsu|jûjutsu]] techniques.
The ryūha's unarmed combat syllabus consists of certain modified techniques from the kogusoku koshi no mawari that have been either
The ryûha's unarmed combat syllabus consists of certain modified techniques from the kogusoku koshi no mawari that have been either
adapted or developed to a variety of attacks. The jūjutsu (sometimes referred to generically as kempo-taijutsu - 拳法体術)syllabus consists of [[ukemi]], [[nage-waza]], [[kansetsu-waza]], and [[atemi-waza]] which are used to strike [[kyūsho]] to either unbalance the enemy, to set up for a joint lock or throw or to disable him entirely. Some throwing techniques in the syllabus are designed so that an experienced practitioner cannot breakfall or absorb the shock trauma. A number of the ukemi in this tradition are quite energetic and in some cases, acrobatic.Higher level techniques include the use jujutsu techniques in conjunction with hojojutsu.
adapted or developed to a variety of attacks. The jûjutsu (sometimes referred to generically as kempo-taijutsu) syllabus consists of [[ukemi]], [[nage-waza]], [[kansetsu-waza]], and [[atemi-waza]] which are used to strike [[Kyusho|kyûsho]] to either unbalance the enemy, to set up for a joint lock or throw or to disable him entirely. Some throwing techniques in the syllabus are designed so that an experienced practitioner cannot breakfall or absorb the shock trauma. A number of the ukemi in this tradition are quite energetic and in some cases, acrobatic.Higher level techniques include the use jujutsu techniques in conjunction with hojojutsu.
Takenouchi-ryū's bōjutsu syllabus is expansive and covers various manipulations of the weapon, again attacking various kyūsho. Basic skill sets are consisted of bō-tai-bō (棒対棒) and advanced level sets include bō-tai-tachi (棒対太刀). The ryūha's syllabus also contains jojutsu.
Takenouchi-ryū's bōjutsu syllabus is expansive and covers various manipulations of the weapon, again attacking various kyūsho. Basic skill sets are consisted of bô-tai-bô and advanced level sets include bō-tai-tachi (棒対太刀). The ryûha's syllabus also contains jojutsu.
The kenjutsu (Kenpo saide 剣法斎手) syllabus is comprehensive, teaching kumitachi and batto techniques. In higher level kenjutsu sets, elements of the kogusoku and jūjutsu sets are incorporated, so that the situation of close in-fighting situations such as [[tsuba-zeriai]] and others are addressed.
The kenjutsu (Kenpo saide 剣法斎手) syllabus is comprehensive, teaching kumitachi and batto techniques. In higher level kenjutsu sets, elements of the kogusoku and jūjutsu sets are incorporated, so that the situation of close in-fighting situations such as [[tsuba-zeriai]] and others are addressed.
other weapons disciplines taught in Takenouchi-ryū are sōjutsu, naginatajutsu, juttejutsu, tessenjutsu, shurikenjutsu, hibashi (Iron chopsticks for a brazier), nabefuta (wooden ricepot lid), and tegasa (Chinese-style paper parasol).
other weapons disciplines taught in Takenouchi-ryû are sōjutsu, naginatajutsu, juttejutsu, tessenjutsu, shurikenjutsu, hibashi (Iron chopsticks for a brazier), nabefuta (wooden ricepot lid), and tegasa (Chinese-style paper parasol).
==Takenouchi-ryū Branches==
==Takenouchi-ryû Branches==
There are three lines of Takenouchi-ryû in activity - The Honke, sōdenke and Bichû-den lines. The Honke (Hinoshita Torite Kaizan Takenouchi-ryū 日下捕手開山竹内流) and Sōdenke (Takenouchi-ryu lines were formed by the eighth headmaster, to preserve and propogate the tradition.
The Bichû-den Takeuchi-ryû (備中傳竹内流 - Not pronounced Takenouchi-ryû in this line of the tradition.) traces it's lineage back to the third headmaster, Takenouchi Kaganosuke Hisayoshi. Hisayoshi's senior student, Takeuchi Seidaiyu Masatsugu worked as an instructor for the garrisoned Bichū Ikusaka-han (modern day Okayama Prefecture.)
The Bichū-den Takeuchi-ryū (備中傳竹内流 - Not pronounced Takenouchi-ryu in this line of the tradition.) traces it's lineage back to the third headmaster, Takenouchi Kaganosuke Hisayoshi. Hisayoshi's senior student, Takeuchi Seidaiyu Masatsugu worked as an instructor for the garrisoned Bichū Ikusaka-han (modern day Okayama Prefecture.)
The sôke line is in it's 14th generation of succession, headed by Takenouchi Toichiro Hisamune sōke.
The sōke line is in it's 14th generation of succession, headed by Takenouchi Toichiro Hisamune sōke.
The Sôdenke line is in it's 13th generation under Takenouchi Tojuro Hisatake Sodenke.
Bichû-den Takeuchi-ryû is in it's 16th generation of succession, under Ono Yotaro Shihanke.
Each line is individual, yet maintains a very good relationship with each other.
Each line is individual, yet maintains a very good relationship with each other.
==Takenouchi-ryū Offshoots==
==Takenouchi-ryû Offshoots==
Takenouchi-ryû has had a major influence on the formation of a large number of koryû bujutsu ryûha, specifically; Hontai Takagi Yoshin-ryû, [[Sosuishi Ryu|Sôsuishi-ryû]], [[Rikishin Ryu|Rikishin-ryû]],
Takenouchi-ryū has had a major influence on the formation of a large number of koryū bujutsu ryūha, specifically; [[Hontai Takagi Yoshin-ryū]] (本體高木楊心流), [[Sōsuishi-ryū]] (双水執流), [[Rikishin-ryū]] (力信流),
Takenouchi Santō-ryû, [[Fusen Ryu|Fusen-ryû]], [[Araki Ryu|Araki-ryû]] (And it's variants), [[Katayama Hoki Ryu|Katayama Hôki-ryû]],
[[Nanba Ippo Ryu|Nanba Ippô-ryû]], [[Fuden Ryu|Fūden-ryû]] and [[Takenouchi Hangan Ryu|Takenouchi Hangan ryû]].
[[Nanba Ippō-ryū]] (難波一甫流), [[Fūden-ryū]] (風傳流) and [[Takenouchi Hangan ryū]] (竹内判官流)
==References==
==References==
* Takenouchi-ryû Hensan Iinkai. 1978. Nihon No Jūjutsu No Genryū Takenouchi-ryû. Nichibo Shuppansha
* Takenouchi-ryū Hensan Iinkai. 1978. Nihon No Jūjutsu No Genryū Takenouchi-ryū. Nichibo Shuppansha
* Takenouchi, Toichiro & Akio, Jiromaru. 1993. Shinden No Bujutsu, Takenouchi-ryû. Mu AV Books
* Takenouchi, Toichiro & Akio, Jiromaru. 1993. Shinden No Bujutsu, Takenouchi-ryu. Mu AV Books
* Yokose, Tomoyuki, 2000. Nihon No Kobudō. Shadanhôjin Nippon Budōkan - Baseball Magazine sha
* Yokose, Tomoyuki, 2000. Nihon No Kobudō. Shadanhōjin Nippon Budōkan - Baseball Magazine sha
* Matsuda, Ryūichi. 1979. Hiden Nihon Jūjutsu. Shin-Jinbutsuoraisha
* Matsuda, Ryūichi. 1979. Hiden Nihon Jūjutsu. Shin-Jinbutsuoraisha
* Yamada, Kiyoshi & Watatani, Tadashi. 1978. ''Bugei Ryūha Daijiten''. Tokyo Copy Shuppansha.
* Yamada, Kiyoshi & Watatani, Tadashi. 1978. ''Bugei Ryûha Daijiten''. Tokyo Copy Shuppansha.
* Nihon Kobudo Kyokai Ron. 1994. ''Nihon Kobudō Sōran''. Shimazushobo
* Nihon Kobudo Kyokai Ron. 1994. ''Nihon Kobudō Sôran''. Shimazushobo
* Skoss, Diane (ed.). 1999. Sword and spirit. Volume 2 in Classical warrior traditions of Japan. Koryū Books
* Skoss, Diane (ed.). 1999. Sword and spirit. Volume 2 in Classical warrior traditions of Japan. Kory Books
==Visual References==
==Visual References==
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOs4fuBRBBY Various Takenouchi-ryu techniques]
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOs4fuBRBBY Various Takenouchi-ryu techniques]
[[Category:Bujutsu]]
[[Category:Bujutsu]]