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''('''Shogun''' may also refer to [[James Clavell's Shogun]])''

''('''Shogun''' may also refer to [[James Clavell's Shogun]])''

''Seiitaishôgun'' (征夷大将軍), "Supreme Commander Against the Barbarians", often shortened simply as ''shôgun'' (将軍), was originally a temporary Court commission assigned to courtier military commanders in the 8th century frontier campaigns against the Emishi in northern Honshu. It later became a hereditary distinction acknowledging the recipient as the ''[[buke no toryo|buke no tôryô]]'', "Head of the Warrior Houses", and titular head of the three [[Bakufu|bakufu]] warrior governments.  

''Seiitaishôgun'' (征夷大将軍), "Supreme Commander Against the Barbarians", often shortened simply as ''shôgun'' (将軍), was originally a temporary Court commission assigned to courtier military commanders in the 8th century frontier campaigns against the [[Emishi]] in northern Honshu. It later became a hereditary distinction acknowledging the recipient as the ''[[buke no toryo|buke no tôryô]]'', "Head of the Warrior Houses", and titular head of the three [[Bakufu|bakufu]] warrior governments.  

In [[1192]] [[Minamoto Yoritomo]], as head of the newly established [[Kamakura Bakufu]], was invested with the ''seiitaishôgun'' title by the Court, which he returned in [[1193]]. Following his death in [[1199]] the bakufu had the Court appoint his sons in turn as ''shôgun'', beginning the link of the title with the titular head of the bakufu. After the murder of both Yoritomo's sons, the bakufu brought children of [[Kyoto]] courtiers and [[Emperor|Emperor's]] children to serve as ''shôgun'' for the remainder of the [[Kamakura Period]], though none held any actual power, instead serving as figureheads of the regime.

In [[1192]] [[Minamoto Yoritomo]], as head of the newly established [[Kamakura Bakufu]], was invested with the ''seiitaishôgun'' title by the Court, which he returned in [[1193]]. Following his death in [[1199]] the bakufu had the Court appoint his sons in turn as ''shôgun'', beginning the link of the title with the titular head of the bakufu. After the murder of both Yoritomo's sons, the bakufu brought children of [[Kyoto]] courtiers and [[Emperor|Emperor's]] children to serve as ''shôgun'' for the remainder of the [[Kamakura Period]], though none held any actual power, instead serving as figureheads of the regime.

==References==

==References==

*''Warrior Rule in Japan'', by Marius Jansen, Cambridge University Press, reprinted 1995.

* [[Marius Jansen|Jansen, Marius]]. ''Warrior Rule in Japan'', Cambridge University Press, reprinted 1995.

*''A History of Japan, to 1334'', by George Sansom, Stanford University Press, reprinted 1991.

* [[George Sansom|Sansom, George]]. ''A History of Japan, to 1334'', Stanford University Press, reprinted 1991.

*''Heavenly Warriors'', by William Wayne Farris, Harvard University Asia Center, 1996.

* [[Wayne Farris|Farris, William Wayne]] ''Heavenly Warriors'', Harvard University Asia Center, 1996.

[[Category:Ranks and Titles]][[Category:Terminology]][[Category:Political Institutions]]

[[Category:Ranks and Titles]][[Category:Terminology]][[Category:Political Institutions]]