Difference between revisions of "Sakai"
| (4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
Sakai is a port town near [[Osaka]] which, in the 15th-17th centuries was a major center of merchant activity, including especially maritime trade and the manufacture and trade in firearms; it was also a center of arts and culture, [[tea ceremony]] in particular. The merchant leaders of Sakai managed to maintain a considerable degree of independence from [[samurai]] control throughout much of the [[Sengoku period]]. | Sakai is a port town near [[Osaka]] which, in the 15th-17th centuries was a major center of merchant activity, including especially maritime trade and the manufacture and trade in firearms; it was also a center of arts and culture, [[tea ceremony]] in particular. The merchant leaders of Sakai managed to maintain a considerable degree of independence from [[samurai]] control throughout much of the [[Sengoku period]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Arguments between merchants in Sakai and [[Hakata]] over trading rights led in the early or mid-15th century to [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryukyuan]] trade being directed only through Hakata and [[Bonotsu|Bônotsu]] for a time.<ref>Yokoyama Manabu 横山学, ''Ryûkyû koku shisetsu torai no kenkyû'' 琉球国使節渡来の研究, Tokyo: Yoshikawa kôbunkan (1987), 36.</ref> | ||
From [[1469]] until [[1510]], Sakai was the chief departure port for [[tribute]] missions to [[Ming Dynasty]] China. | From [[1469]] until [[1510]], Sakai was the chief departure port for [[tribute]] missions to [[Ming Dynasty]] China. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The city was governed by a board of thirty-six merchant councilors called ''egôshû'', and was walled off and surrounded with moats, not unlike some of the free cities of Europe.<ref name=ikegami>[[Eiko Ikegami]], ''Bonds of Civility'', Cambridge University Press (2005), 122.</ref> After [[1568]], the more independent ''egôshû'' were replaced by [[Oda Nobunaga]] with families he selected; they gained power, favor, and protection for the city from Nobunaga in exchange for providing services and gifts of prized tea implements and other [[karamono|Chinese treasures]] to him.<ref name=ikegami/><ref name=pitelka29>Morgan Pitelka, ''Spectacular Accumulation'', University of Hawaii Press (2016), 28-30.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Despite the chaos and turmoil of the Sengoku period, Sakai reportedly saw little violence - even in the form of street brawls.<ref name=pitelka29/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Sakai remained a prominent port city, both culturally and economically, and at its [[Edo period]] peak, was home to roughly 50,000 people.<ref>''Bezaisen to santo'' 「弁才船と三都」、Asahi hyakka Nihon rekishi 62, p7-46.</ref> | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
| Line 10: | Line 18: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
*Morgan Pitelka. "Art, Agency, and Networks in the Career of Tokugawa Ieyasu." in ''A Companion to Asian Art and Architecture''. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, 451. | *Morgan Pitelka. "Art, Agency, and Networks in the Career of Tokugawa Ieyasu." in ''A Companion to Asian Art and Architecture''. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, 451. | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:52, 22 February 2018
- For the samurai clan, see Sakai clan.
- Japanese: 堺 (Sakai)
Sakai is a port town near Osaka which, in the 15th-17th centuries was a major center of merchant activity, including especially maritime trade and the manufacture and trade in firearms; it was also a center of arts and culture, tea ceremony in particular. The merchant leaders of Sakai managed to maintain a considerable degree of independence from samurai control throughout much of the Sengoku period.
Arguments between merchants in Sakai and Hakata over trading rights led in the early or mid-15th century to Ryukyuan trade being directed only through Hakata and Bônotsu for a time.[1]
From 1469 until 1510, Sakai was the chief departure port for tribute missions to Ming Dynasty China.
The city was governed by a board of thirty-six merchant councilors called egôshû, and was walled off and surrounded with moats, not unlike some of the free cities of Europe.[2] After 1568, the more independent egôshû were replaced by Oda Nobunaga with families he selected; they gained power, favor, and protection for the city from Nobunaga in exchange for providing services and gifts of prized tea implements and other Chinese treasures to him.[2][3]
Despite the chaos and turmoil of the Sengoku period, Sakai reportedly saw little violence - even in the form of street brawls.[3]
Sakai remained a prominent port city, both culturally and economically, and at its Edo period peak, was home to roughly 50,000 people.[4]
References
- Morgan Pitelka. "Art, Agency, and Networks in the Career of Tokugawa Ieyasu." in A Companion to Asian Art and Architecture. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, 451.
- ↑ Yokoyama Manabu 横山学, Ryûkyû koku shisetsu torai no kenkyû 琉球国使節渡来の研究, Tokyo: Yoshikawa kôbunkan (1987), 36.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Eiko Ikegami, Bonds of Civility, Cambridge University Press (2005), 122.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Morgan Pitelka, Spectacular Accumulation, University of Hawaii Press (2016), 28-30.
- ↑ Bezaisen to santo 「弁才船と三都」、Asahi hyakka Nihon rekishi 62, p7-46.
