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===[[Tokaido|Tôkaidô Highway]]東海道===

===[[Tokaido|Tôkaidô Highway]]東海道===

(From Tokyo to Okazaki [east of Nagoya] the Tomei Expressway; for the whole route, basically NR 1)  

(From Tokyo to Okazaki [east of Nagoya] the Tomei Expressway; for the whole route, basically NR 1)  

The Tôkaidô (lit. "Eastern Sea Road") was most famous of the highways, running roughly 300 miles<ref name=gokaido/> from Edo (Nihonbashi) to Kyoto ([[Sanjo Ohashi|Sanjô-Ôhashi]]), mostly along the Pacific coast, but cutting across the neck of the Izu Peninsula, where the famous [[Hakone]] check-point was located. Prior to the construction of Nihonbashi in [[1603]], the Tôkaidô was considered to begin in Kyoto, and to end, vaguely, somewhere in the [[Kanto|Kantô Plain]]; following the construction of Nihonbashi, the conceptual direction was reversed, with Edo (Nihonbashi) becoming the beginning point of the road, and Kyoto the end point.

The Tôkaidô (lit. "Eastern Sea Road") was most famous of the highways, running roughly 300 miles<ref name=gokaido/> from Edo (Nihonbashi) to Kyoto ([[Sanjo Ohashi|Sanjô-Ôhashi]]), mostly along the Pacific coast, but cutting across the neck of the Izu Peninsula, where the famous [[Hakone]] check-point was located. Prior to the construction of Nihonbashi in [[1603]], the Tôkaidô was considered to begin in Kyoto, and to end, vaguely, somewhere in the [[Kanto|Kantô Plain]]; following the construction of Nihonbashi, the conceptual direction was reversed, with Edo (Nihonbashi) becoming the beginning point of the road, and Kyoto the end point. It typically took about 13 days to walk the Tôkaidô on foot.<ref>Plaques at the Odawara post station.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/8396933861/sizes/l]</ref>

The most formidable natural barrier along the Tôkaidô lay just west of [[Nagoya]], where many great rivers - the [[Kiso River|Kiso]], [[Ibi River|Ibi]], [[Nagara River|Nagara]], [[Hida River|Hida]], among others - flow directly or indirectly into [[Ise Bay]] 伊勢湾. Beyond this point, the highway went west from [[Yokkaichi]] 四日市 through the Suzuka Pass 鈴鹿峠, and was joined at [[Kusatsu]] 草津 by the [[Nakasendo|Nakasendô highway]].

The most formidable natural barrier along the Tôkaidô lay just west of [[Nagoya]], where many great rivers - the [[Kiso River|Kiso]], [[Ibi River|Ibi]], [[Nagara River|Nagara]], [[Hida River|Hida]], among others - flow directly or indirectly into [[Ise Bay]] 伊勢湾. Beyond this point, the highway went west from [[Yokkaichi]] 四日市 through the Suzuka Pass 鈴鹿峠, and was joined at [[Kusatsu]] 草津 by the [[Nakasendo|Nakasendô highway]].