https://samurai-archives.com/w/api.php?hidemyself=1&hidebots=1&urlversion=1&days=30&limit=50&action=feedrecentchanges&feedformat=atomSamuraiWiki - Recent changes [en]2024-03-28T13:31:47ZTrack the most recent changes to the wiki in this feed.MediaWiki 1.35.2https://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Manshu-ji&diff=44166&oldid=44161Manshu-ji2024-03-05T10:22:03Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:22, 5 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="diff-multi" lang="en">(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l7" >Line 7:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The temple grounds include the grave of ''[[haikai]]'' poet [[Kurita Chodo|Kurita Chodô]]. A ''hengaku'' plaque hanging in the main hall of the temple was created by Kurita copying a work of calligraphy by [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryukyuan]] scholar-official [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]]; the original work of calligraphy is also in the temple's collection.<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.; ''Mitarai tsûshin'' 御手洗通信 no. 2, Aug 1997, p2.; Gallery labels, "Kuninda - Ryûkyû to Chûgoku no kakehashi," special exhibit, Okinawa Prefectural Museum, Sept 2014.; ''Naha shishi'' 那覇市史 vol 6 下, Naha City Office (1980), 794-795.; Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryûkyû shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 18-21.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The temple grounds include the grave of ''[[haikai]]'' poet [[Kurita Chodo|Kurita Chodô]]. A ''hengaku'' plaque hanging in the main hall of the temple was created by Kurita copying a work of calligraphy by [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryukyuan]] scholar-official [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]]; the original work of calligraphy is also in the temple's collection.<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.; ''Mitarai tsûshin'' 御手洗通信 no. 2, Aug 1997, p2.; Gallery labels, "Kuninda - Ryûkyû to Chûgoku no kakehashi," special exhibit, Okinawa Prefectural Museum, Sept 2014.; ''Naha shishi'' 那覇市史 vol 6 下, Naha City Office (1980), 794-795.; Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryûkyû shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 18-21.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The temple is also the location of a number of gravestones said to be among the oldest [[burial Practices|turtle-shaped gravestones]] in Japan that are not marking ''daimyô'' graves.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{stub}}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{stub}}</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques at Ondo Tourist Cultural Center Uzushio おんど観光文化会館うずしお, Kure, Hiroshima pref.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36861957252/sizes/k/]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques at Ondo Tourist Cultural Center Uzushio おんど観光文化会館うずしお, Kure, Hiroshima pref.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36861957252/sizes/k/]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques on-site.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36889622235/sizes/h/]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques on-site.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36889622235/sizes/h<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/][https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36719337742/in/photostream</ins>/]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Temples]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Temples]]</div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmethhttps://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Burial_Practices&diff=44164&oldid=38296Burial Practices2024-03-05T10:19:49Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Buddhist Burial</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:19, 5 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l21" >Line 21:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This practice of marking graves with wooden, and later stone, markers is believed to have been imported from the Continent, although the ''gorintô'' form is a distinctively Japanese one, and does not generally appear on Chinese graves. The first stone ''gorintô'' grave markers were erected for members of the aristocracy, and elite monks, by Chinese stonecarvers who had been brought over to Japan to aid in the reconstruction of the great temple at [[Todai-ji|Tôdai-ji]], in [[Nara]], which had been destroyed in the [[Genpei War]] ([[1180]]-[[1185]]). Some of the very first such stone ''gorintô'' grave markers may have been erected at [[Mt. Koya|Mt. Kôya]]. The practice quickly spread, however, with stone markers of this type appearing in places as disparate as [[Hiraizumi]] (in the north, modern-day [[Iwate prefecture]]) and parts of Kyushu less than a century later. [[Yi Xingmo]] and a number of the other Chinese stonemasons remained in Japan, with their disciples and descendants developing into the [[Okura school|Ôkura]] and [[I school|I (Yi) schools]] of stoneworking.<ref name=glassman/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This practice of marking graves with wooden, and later stone, markers is believed to have been imported from the Continent, although the ''gorintô'' form is a distinctively Japanese one, and does not generally appear on Chinese graves. The first stone ''gorintô'' grave markers were erected for members of the aristocracy, and elite monks, by Chinese stonecarvers who had been brought over to Japan to aid in the reconstruction of the great temple at [[Todai-ji|Tôdai-ji]], in [[Nara]], which had been destroyed in the [[Genpei War]] ([[1180]]-[[1185]]). Some of the very first such stone ''gorintô'' grave markers may have been erected at [[Mt. Koya|Mt. Kôya]]. The practice quickly spread, however, with stone markers of this type appearing in places as disparate as [[Hiraizumi]] (in the north, modern-day [[Iwate prefecture]]) and parts of Kyushu less than a century later. [[Yi Xingmo]] and a number of the other Chinese stonemasons remained in Japan, with their disciples and descendants developing into the [[Okura school|Ôkura]] and [[I school|I (Yi) schools]] of stoneworking.<ref name=glassman/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Many [[Kamakura period]] graves, as well as some [[Edo period]] ''daimyô'' graves, feature tombstones erected atop stone sculptures in the shape of a turtle. These ''kifu'' ("turtle seated") graves 亀趺墓 take the form of a "spirit turtle" (''reiki'' 霊亀) with hexagonal patterns on its shell and its head held up. It is a form that originated some 1500 years ago in China and continues to be widely used in China. The vast majority of Edo period turtle-shaped gravestones mark the graves of members of ''daimyô'' families; non-daimyô examples are rare. A group of such turtle-shaped gravestones at [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] temple in the [[Inland Sea]] port town of [[Mitarai]] are said to be among the oldest in Japan outside of ''daimyô'' graves.<ref>Plaques on-site at Manshû-ji, Mitarai.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36719337742/in/photostream/]</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>All Emperors from [[Emperor Shomu|Shômu]] ([[724]]-[[749]]) to [[Emperor Komei|Kômei]] ([[1846]]-[[1867]]) were buried in Buddhist ceremonies; all those from [[Empress Jito|Empress Jitô]] ([[686]]-[[697]]) until the beginning of the [[Edo period]], with a few exceptions, were cremated. Early in that period, from Jitô (686-697) until [[Emperor Junna]] ([[823]]-[[833]]), the bones remaining after cremation were powdered and scattered.<ref name=amino>Amino Yoshihiko. "Deconstructing 'Japan'." ''East Asian History'' 3 (1992), 122.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>All Emperors from [[Emperor Shomu|Shômu]] ([[724]]-[[749]]) to [[Emperor Komei|Kômei]] ([[1846]]-[[1867]]) were buried in Buddhist ceremonies; all those from [[Empress Jito|Empress Jitô]] ([[686]]-[[697]]) until the beginning of the [[Edo period]], with a few exceptions, were cremated. Early in that period, from Jitô (686-697) until [[Emperor Junna]] ([[823]]-[[833]]), the bones remaining after cremation were powdered and scattered.<ref name=amino>Amino Yoshihiko. "Deconstructing 'Japan'." ''East Asian History'' 3 (1992), 122.</ref></div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmethhttps://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Kurita_Chodo&diff=44163&oldid=37499Kurita Chodo2024-03-05T10:01:20Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l11" >Line 11:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Taking up an interest in ''haikai'', Kurita studied under Kyoto-based poet [[Kato Kyotai|Katô Kyôtai]]<!--加藤暁台 aka 久村暁台-->, and had close interactions with [[Kobayashi Issa]] and [[Inoue Shiro|Inoue Shirô]]. For example, he is known to have engaged in poetry recital alongside Kobayashi Issa on an occasion in [[1795]], at Matsuyama's famous [[Dogo Onsen|Dôgo Onsen]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Taking up an interest in ''haikai'', Kurita studied under Kyoto-based poet [[Kato Kyotai|Katô Kyôtai]]<!--加藤暁台 aka 久村暁台-->, and had close interactions with [[Kobayashi Issa]] and [[Inoue Shiro|Inoue Shirô]]. For example, he is known to have engaged in poetry recital alongside Kobayashi Issa on an occasion in [[1795]], at Matsuyama's famous [[Dogo Onsen|Dôgo Onsen]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After retiring from his official civic position in Matsuyama, Kurita relocated sometime in the first years of the 1800s to the port town of [[Mitarai]] (today part of [[Kure]] City, [[Hiroshima prefecture]]), which lies roughly halfway between his home province of Iyo and the Honshû mainland. As Mitarai lay along the major [[Inland Sea]] trading routes, Kurita remained well-informed and well-connected, but also led a relatively quiet life in retirement, composing poetry, and publishing numerous poetry collections.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After retiring from his official civic position in Matsuyama, Kurita relocated sometime in the first years of the 1800s to the port town of [[Mitarai]] (today part of [[Kure]] City, [[Hiroshima prefecture]]), which lies roughly halfway between his home province of Iyo and the Honshû mainland. As Mitarai lay along the major [[Inland Sea]] trading routes, Kurita remained well-informed and well-connected, but also led a relatively quiet life in retirement, composing poetry, and publishing numerous poetry collections <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">while living in a tiny two-[[tatami]] hermitage</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Plaques on-site at Manshu-ji.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36055415304/sizes/h/]</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Kurita died on [[1814]]/8/21, and was buried at [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in Mitarai. A wooden plaque, or ''hengaku'', which still hangs in the temple's main hall (''hondô'') was created by Kurita, with the help of Kyoto-based woodcarver Yura Jûbei<!--由良重兵衛-->, as a copy of a work of calligraphy, also still today in the temple's collection, by [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|Ryukyuan envoy]] [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]].<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Kurita died on [[1814]]/8/21, and was buried at [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in Mitarai. A wooden plaque, or ''hengaku'', which still hangs in the temple's main hall (''hondô'') was created by Kurita, with the help of Kyoto-based woodcarver Yura Jûbei<!--由良重兵衛-->, as a copy of a work of calligraphy, also still today in the temple's collection, by [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|Ryukyuan envoy]] [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]].<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.</ref></div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmethhttps://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Mitarai&diff=44162&oldid=44160Mitarai2024-03-04T22:58:59Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Edo Period</span></span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:58, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l13" >Line 13:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 13:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Edo Period==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Edo Period==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mitarai got its start as an officially designated port around [[1666]], when the domain granted permission for the construction of divided homes; it's said that as of the 1630s, there was not a single residence,<ref>Or at least no residences of a certain type; presumably there must have been farmhouses of some sort, but according to records from the time, there were no ''yashiki'' 屋敷.</ref>, but only fields and orchards. As both official (shogunate and ''daimyô'') and merchant ships increasingly began to sail through the center of the Inland Sea, rather than only closer to the coast as they had done in the medieval period, Mitarai was able to grow in centrality and importance.<ref>Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryukyu shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 3.</ref> The town thus quickly grew into a significant port over the course of the 17th to 18th centuries, and all the more so in the early 19th century as the Japan-wide "travel boom" burgeoned. As late as the 1690s, when [[Engelbert Kaempfer]] passed through, he estimated there were only about forty homes in the town.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref> And yet, he writes that there were many ships anchored in the area, waiting for winds or tides, and that the port was well-known among Inland Sea sailors.<ref>Kimura, 6-7.</ref> By [[1748]], there were some 83 homes. Twenty years later, the town had grown somewhat to number 106 homes housing over 530 people, and by [[1801]], the population had roughly tripled, to over 1,500.<ref>Kimura, 1.</ref> Like many other prominent Inland Sea ports, Mitarai was chiefly home to warehousers, affiliated with wealthy, powerful warehousing guilds in [[Osaka]]; essentially they served as middlemen, buying, storing, and selling a variety of goods which sea captains transported across the Inland Sea and beyond. A number of western Japanese [[han|domains]] maintained ''[[funayado]]'' in Mitarai - places run by merchants with a particular loyalty to that domain (''[[goyo shonin|goyô shônin]]''), and where officials or merchants associated with that domain would have a designated place to stay, and to do business with (or through) in Mitarai. [[Kagoshima han|Kagoshima]], [[Kumamoto han|Kumamoto]], [[Choshu han|Chôshû]], [[Nakatsu han|Nakatsu]], [[Nobuoka han|Nobuoka]], [[Obi han|Obi]]<!--飫肥-->, [[Kokura han|Kokura]], [[Fukuoka han|Fukuoka]], [[Uwajima han|Uwajima]], and [[Ozu han|Ôzu domains]] all maintained such establishments in Mitarai.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mitarai got its start as an officially designated port around [[1666]], when the domain granted permission for the construction of divided homes; it's said that as of the 1630s, there was not a single residence,<ref>Or at least no residences of a certain type; presumably there must have been farmhouses of some sort, but according to records from the time, there were no ''yashiki'' 屋敷.</ref>, but only fields and orchards. As both official (shogunate and ''daimyô'') and merchant ships increasingly began to sail through the center of the Inland Sea, rather than only closer to the coast as they had done in the medieval period, Mitarai was able to grow in centrality and importance.<ref>Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryukyu shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 3.</ref> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''Machi toshiyori'' (town elders), under the jurisdiction of Ôchô village, were first established at Mitarai in [[1713]]. </ins>The town thus quickly grew into a significant port over the course of the 17th to 18th centuries, and all the more so in the early 19th century as the Japan-wide "travel boom" burgeoned. As late as the 1690s, when [[Engelbert Kaempfer]] passed through, he estimated there were only about forty homes in the town.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref> And yet, he writes that there were many ships anchored in the area, waiting for winds or tides, and that the port was well-known among Inland Sea sailors.<ref>Kimura, 6-7.</ref> By [[1748]], there were some 83 homes. Twenty years later, the town had grown somewhat to number 106 homes housing over 530 people, and by [[1801]], the population had roughly tripled, to over 1,500.<ref>Kimura, 1.</ref> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The local ''shôya'' (town or village headman) was split off from the jurisdiction of Ôchô village to become its own jurisdiction unto itself in [[1808]]. A branch of [[Sumiyoshi Shrine]] was established around [[1830]], along with a wharf (''hatoba'') and a certain amount of landfill, extending the size of the town somewhat.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Like many other prominent Inland Sea ports, Mitarai was chiefly home to warehousers, affiliated with wealthy, powerful warehousing guilds in [[Osaka]]; essentially they served as middlemen, buying, storing, and selling a variety of goods which sea captains transported across the Inland Sea and beyond. A number of western Japanese [[han|domains]] maintained ''[[funayado]]'' in Mitarai - places run by merchants with a particular loyalty to that domain (''[[goyo shonin|goyô shônin]]''), and where officials or merchants associated with that domain would have a designated place to stay, and to do business with (or through) in Mitarai. [[Kagoshima han|Kagoshima]], [[Kumamoto han|Kumamoto]], [[Choshu han|Chôshû]], [[Nakatsu han|Nakatsu]], [[Nobuoka han|Nobuoka]], [[Obi han|Obi]]<!--飫肥-->, [[Kokura han|Kokura]], [[Fukuoka han|Fukuoka]], [[Uwajima han|Uwajima]], and [[Ozu han|Ôzu domains]] all maintained such establishments in Mitarai.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>During the [[Edo period]], Mitarai became one of the more typical stops for ''daimyô'' and their entourages to stop during their ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' journeys to and from [[Edo]]; [[VOC|Dutch]], [[Korean embassies to Edo|Korean]] and [[Ryukyuan embassies to Edo]] also stopped here, and a ''hengaku'' plaque featuring calligraphy by Ryukyuan envoy [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]] can be found in the temple of [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in the town.<ref>Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.</ref> Numerous other notable figures visited Mitarai, including [[Ino Tadataka|Inô Tadataka]] in [[1806]], [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]] in [[1826]], [[Yoshida Shoin|Yoshida Shôin]] in [[1853]], [[Sanjo Sanetomi|Sanjô Sanetomi]] and [[Fall of Seven Nobles Incident|several other court nobles]] in [[1864]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>During the [[Edo period]], Mitarai became one of the more typical stops for ''daimyô'' and their entourages to stop during their ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' journeys to and from [[Edo]]; [[VOC|Dutch]], [[Korean embassies to Edo|Korean]] and [[Ryukyuan embassies to Edo]] also stopped here, and a ''hengaku'' plaque featuring calligraphy by Ryukyuan envoy [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]] can be found in the temple of [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in the town.<ref>Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.</ref> Numerous other notable figures visited Mitarai, including [[Ino Tadataka|Inô Tadataka]] in [[1806]], [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]] in [[1826]], [[Yoshida Shoin|Yoshida Shôin]] in [[1853]], [[Sanjo Sanetomi|Sanjô Sanetomi]] and [[Fall of Seven Nobles Incident|several other court nobles]] in [[1864]].</div></td></tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 23:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>By the [[Bakumatsu period]], Mitarai began to decline as many sea captains bypassed the warehousers and simply bought and sold directly with producers in cities like [[Onomichi]] and consumers in places like Osaka. By that time, too, fears of foreign ships led to Mitarai being equipped with shore batteries.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>By the [[Bakumatsu period]], Mitarai began to decline as many sea captains bypassed the warehousers and simply bought and sold directly with producers in cities like [[Onomichi]] and consumers in places like Osaka. By that time, too, fears of foreign ships led to Mitarai being equipped with shore batteries.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Though long a part of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ônaga </del>Village, Mitarai officially became its own separate municipality in [[1879]]. Today, it is part of Kure City, and is officially known as Yutaka-machi Mitarai.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Though long a part of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ôchô </ins>Village, Mitarai officially became its own separate municipality in [[1879]]. Today, it is part of Kure City, and is officially known as Yutaka-machi Mitarai.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{stub}}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{stub}}</div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmethhttps://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Manshu-ji&diff=44161&oldid=42576Manshu-ji2024-03-04T22:49:59Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:49, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 2:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*''Japanese': 満舟寺 ''(Manshuu-ji)''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*''Japanese': 満舟寺 ''(Manshuu-ji)''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Manshû-ji is a Buddhist temple in [[Mitarai]], [[Hiroshima prefecture]], said to have been founded by [[Taira no Kiyomori]] when, caught in a storm on his way to [[Kyoto]], he came ashore there. Images enshrined there include one of the [[bodhisattva]] [[Jizo|Jizô]] associated with the curing of disease, and one of the 11-headed bodhisattva [[Kannon]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Manshû-ji is a Buddhist temple in [[Mitarai]], [[Hiroshima prefecture]], said to have been founded by [[Taira no Kiyomori]] when, caught in a storm on his way to [[Kyoto]], he came ashore there. Images enshrined there include one of the [[bodhisattva]] [[Jizo|Jizô]] associated with the curing of disease, and one of the 11-headed bodhisattva [[Kannon<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] (possibly made by [[Gyoki|Gyôki]]).</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">While the official origin story (''[[engi]]'') of the temple traces the temple's origin to Taira no Kiyomori and the 12th century, reliable historical records also speak of a Kannon hall, bell tower, and head priest's residence (''kuri'') being built beginning in the 1720s, and the temple being officially recognized by the domain as a [[Shingon]] temple under the name Manshû-ji in [[1751</ins>]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The temple grounds include the grave of ''[[haikai]]'' poet [[Kurita Chodo|Kurita Chodô]]. A ''hengaku'' plaque hanging in the main hall of the temple was created by Kurita copying a work of calligraphy by [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryukyuan]] scholar-official [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]]; the original work of calligraphy is also in the temple's collection.<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.; ''Mitarai tsûshin'' 御手洗通信 no. 2, Aug 1997, p2.; Gallery labels, "Kuninda - Ryûkyû to Chûgoku no kakehashi," special exhibit, Okinawa Prefectural Museum, Sept 2014.; ''Naha shishi'' 那覇市史 vol 6 下, Naha City Office (1980), 794-795.; Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryûkyû shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 18-21.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The temple grounds include the grave of ''[[haikai]]'' poet [[Kurita Chodo|Kurita Chodô]]. A ''hengaku'' plaque hanging in the main hall of the temple was created by Kurita copying a work of calligraphy by [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryukyuan]] scholar-official [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]]; the original work of calligraphy is also in the temple's collection.<ref>''Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu'' 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.; plaques on-site at Manshû-ji.; ''Mitarai tsûshin'' 御手洗通信 no. 2, Aug 1997, p2.; Gallery labels, "Kuninda - Ryûkyû to Chûgoku no kakehashi," special exhibit, Okinawa Prefectural Museum, Sept 2014.; ''Naha shishi'' 那覇市史 vol 6 下, Naha City Office (1980), 794-795.; Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryûkyû shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 18-21.</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques at Ondo Tourist Cultural Center Uzushio おんど観光文化会館うずしお, Kure, Hiroshima pref.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36861957252/sizes/k/]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Plaques at Ondo Tourist Cultural Center Uzushio おんど観光文化会館うずしお, Kure, Hiroshima pref.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36861957252/sizes/k/]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*Plaques on-site.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36889622235/sizes/h/]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Temples]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Temples]]</div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmethhttps://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Mitarai&diff=44160&oldid=40715Mitarai2024-03-04T22:44:13Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:44, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l8" >Line 8:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 8:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The town's name literally means "hand washing," and depending on the source one refers to, the placename derives from either [[Izanagi]], [[Empress Jingu|Empress Jingû]], or [[Sugawara no Michizane]] having washed their hands there at one time. Numerous rivers, ponds, and other sites across Japan share the same name (sometimes pronounced Mitarashi or Mitarase, but written with the same [[kanji]]).<ref>''Mitarai tsûshi'' 御手洗通志 16 (July 2005), 5, 8.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The town's name literally means "hand washing," and depending on the source one refers to, the placename derives from either [[Izanagi]], [[Empress Jingu|Empress Jingû]], or [[Sugawara no Michizane]] having washed their hands there at one time. Numerous rivers, ponds, and other sites across Japan share the same name (sometimes pronounced Mitarashi or Mitarase, but written with the same [[kanji]]).<ref>''Mitarai tsûshi'' 御手洗通志 16 (July 2005), 5, 8.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mitarai got its start around [[1666]], when the domain granted permission for the construction of divided homes; it's said that as of the 1630s, there was not a single residence,<ref>Or at least no residences of a certain type; presumably there must have been farmhouses of some sort, but according to records from the time, there were no ''yashiki'' 屋敷.</ref>, but only fields and orchards. As both official (shogunate and ''daimyô'') and merchant ships increasingly began to sail through the center of the Inland Sea, rather than only closer to the coast as they had done in the medieval period, Mitarai was able to grow in centrality and importance.<ref>Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryukyu shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 3.</ref> The town thus quickly grew into a significant port over the course of the 17th to 18th centuries, and all the more so in the early 19th century as the Japan-wide "travel boom" burgeoned. As late as the 1690s, when [[Engelbert Kaempfer]] passed through, he estimated there were only about forty homes in the town.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref> And yet, he writes that there were many ships anchored in the area, waiting for winds or tides, and that the port was well-known among Inland Sea sailors.<ref>Kimura, 6-7.</ref> By [[1748]], there were some 83 homes. Twenty years later, the town had grown somewhat to number 106 homes housing over 530 people, and by [[1801]], the population had roughly tripled, to over 1,500.<ref>Kimura, 1.</ref> Like many other prominent Inland Sea ports, Mitarai was chiefly home to warehousers, affiliated with wealthy, powerful warehousing guilds in [[Osaka]]; essentially they served as middlemen, buying, storing, and selling a variety of goods which sea captains transported across the Inland Sea and beyond. A number of western Japanese [[han|domains]] maintained ''[[funayado]]'' in Mitarai - places run by merchants with a particular loyalty to that domain (''[[goyo shonin|goyô shônin]]''), and where officials or merchants associated with that domain would have a designated place to stay, and to do business with (or through) in Mitarai. [[Kagoshima han|Kagoshima]], [[Kumamoto han|Kumamoto]], [[Choshu han|Chôshû]], [[Nakatsu han|Nakatsu]], [[Nobuoka han|Nobuoka]], [[Obi han|Obi]]<!--飫肥-->, [[Kokura han|Kokura]], [[Fukuoka han|Fukuoka]], [[Uwajima han|Uwajima]], and [[Ozu han|Ôzu domains]] all maintained such establishments in Mitarai.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==Medieval==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Mitarai was a major site of naval strategic significance since early times, and in the [[Kamakura period]], the [[Kurushima clan|Kurushima]] [[Murakami clan]] established a maritime checkpoint there. In the [[Sengoku period]], numerous battles took place between groups such as the Murakami and the [[Ouchi clan|Ôuchi clan]], trying to gain control of the port and/or of the waters around Mitarai. Around the time of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi Hideyoshi's]] [[1585]] [[Invasion of Shikoku (1585)|Invasion of Shikoku]], [[Kato Kiyomasa|Katô Kiyomasa]] constructed a castle or fortress at Mitarai. Some portions of the walls of that fortress, or of another Sengoku-era fortress, survive today as part of the grounds of the Buddhist temple [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]]. These walls once faced directly, or nearly directly, onto the sea; however, the land was filled in sometime in the mid-[[Edo period]], such that the temple and the walls are a bit more inland today.<ref>Plaques on-site at Manshû-ji temple.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36889622235/sizes/h/]</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==Edo Period==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mitarai got its start <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">as an officially designated port </ins>around [[1666]], when the domain granted permission for the construction of divided homes; it's said that as of the 1630s, there was not a single residence,<ref>Or at least no residences of a certain type; presumably there must have been farmhouses of some sort, but according to records from the time, there were no ''yashiki'' 屋敷.</ref>, but only fields and orchards. As both official (shogunate and ''daimyô'') and merchant ships increasingly began to sail through the center of the Inland Sea, rather than only closer to the coast as they had done in the medieval period, Mitarai was able to grow in centrality and importance.<ref>Kimura Yoshisato 木村吉聡 (ed.), ''Ryukyu shisetsu no Edo nobori to Mitarai'' 琉球使節の江戸上りと御手洗, Shiomachi kankô kôryû Center 潮待ち館観光交流センター (2001), 3.</ref> The town thus quickly grew into a significant port over the course of the 17th to 18th centuries, and all the more so in the early 19th century as the Japan-wide "travel boom" burgeoned. As late as the 1690s, when [[Engelbert Kaempfer]] passed through, he estimated there were only about forty homes in the town.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref> And yet, he writes that there were many ships anchored in the area, waiting for winds or tides, and that the port was well-known among Inland Sea sailors.<ref>Kimura, 6-7.</ref> By [[1748]], there were some 83 homes. Twenty years later, the town had grown somewhat to number 106 homes housing over 530 people, and by [[1801]], the population had roughly tripled, to over 1,500.<ref>Kimura, 1.</ref> Like many other prominent Inland Sea ports, Mitarai was chiefly home to warehousers, affiliated with wealthy, powerful warehousing guilds in [[Osaka]]; essentially they served as middlemen, buying, storing, and selling a variety of goods which sea captains transported across the Inland Sea and beyond. A number of western Japanese [[han|domains]] maintained ''[[funayado]]'' in Mitarai - places run by merchants with a particular loyalty to that domain (''[[goyo shonin|goyô shônin]]''), and where officials or merchants associated with that domain would have a designated place to stay, and to do business with (or through) in Mitarai. [[Kagoshima han|Kagoshima]], [[Kumamoto han|Kumamoto]], [[Choshu han|Chôshû]], [[Nakatsu han|Nakatsu]], [[Nobuoka han|Nobuoka]], [[Obi han|Obi]]<!--飫肥-->, [[Kokura han|Kokura]], [[Fukuoka han|Fukuoka]], [[Uwajima han|Uwajima]], and [[Ozu han|Ôzu domains]] all maintained such establishments in Mitarai.<ref>Kimura, 5.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>During the [[Edo period]], Mitarai became one of the more typical stops for ''daimyô'' and their entourages to stop during their ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' journeys to and from [[Edo]]; [[VOC|Dutch]], [[Korean embassies to Edo|Korean]] and [[Ryukyuan embassies to Edo]] also stopped here, and a ''hengaku'' plaque featuring calligraphy by Ryukyuan envoy [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]] can be found in the temple of [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in the town.<ref>Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.</ref> Numerous other notable figures visited Mitarai, including [[Ino Tadataka|Inô Tadataka]] in [[1806]], [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]] in [[1826]], [[Yoshida Shoin|Yoshida Shôin]] in [[1853]], [[Sanjo Sanetomi|Sanjô Sanetomi]] and [[Fall of Seven Nobles Incident|several other court nobles]] in [[1864]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>During the [[Edo period]], Mitarai became one of the more typical stops for ''daimyô'' and their entourages to stop during their ''[[sankin kotai|sankin kôtai]]'' journeys to and from [[Edo]]; [[VOC|Dutch]], [[Korean embassies to Edo|Korean]] and [[Ryukyuan embassies to Edo]] also stopped here, and a ''hengaku'' plaque featuring calligraphy by Ryukyuan envoy [[Ryo Kochi|Ryô Kôchi]] can be found in the temple of [[Manshu-ji|Manshû-ji]] in the town.<ref>Shirarezaru Ryûkyû shisetsu 知られざる琉球使節, Fukuyama-shi Tomonoura rekishi minzoku shiryôkan (2006), 37.</ref> Numerous other notable figures visited Mitarai, including [[Ino Tadataka|Inô Tadataka]] in [[1806]], [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]] in [[1826]], [[Yoshida Shoin|Yoshida Shôin]] in [[1853]], [[Sanjo Sanetomi|Sanjô Sanetomi]] and [[Fall of Seven Nobles Incident|several other court nobles]] in [[1864]].</div></td></tr>
</table>LordAmeth