Difference between revisions of "1854"

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==Timeline of 1854==
 
==Timeline of 1854==
*1854/1/6 [[Commodore Perry]] enters [[Shuri castle]] for the second time, as a mere show of authority, but is not granted an audience with any royals.
+
*Kaei 6/12/22-26 (Jan 20-24) Perry's fourth visit to Ryûkyû. [[Commodore Perry]] enters [[Shuri castle]] for the second time, as a mere show of authority, but is not granted an audience with any royals.
 +
*1854/1/4-5 (Feb 1-2) Perry departs Ryûkyû for [[Edo]].
 +
*1854/1/11-24 (Feb 8-21) A Russian fleet under [[Yevfimy Vasilyevich Putyatin]] makes port in [[Naha]].
 +
*1854/1/14 (Feb 11) Perry's fleet arrives at Edo Bay.
 +
*1854/2/29 (March 27) Crimean War: Britain and France declare war on Russia.
 +
*1854/3/3 (March 31) The [[Convention of Kanagawa]] is concluded.
 +
*1854/3/23 Putyatin's fleet arrives once again at [[Nagasaki]].
 +
*1854/4/5 The [[USS Saratoga|USS ''Saratoga'']] makes port in Honolulu on its way back to the US from Japan.
 +
*1854/5/17 (June 12) [[Board Incident]] - American sailor William Board assaults a woman in Naha (or is simply violently drunk more generally) and is killed by a mob of locals (or drowns on his own).
 +
*1854/6/2 (June 26) Perry and his fleet depart [[Shimoda]] for the final time.
 +
*1854/6/7 (July 1) Perry arrives in Ryûkyû for the fifth time.
 +
*1854/6/13 There is a fire in the [[castletowns|castle-town]] of [[Fukui castle|Fukui]]. The fire spreads to more than a thousand homes.
 +
*1854/6/17 (July 11) The [[Treaty of Amity (Ryukyu-US)|Treaty of Amity]]<!--琉米修好条約--> between the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] and the United States is signed by Commodore Perry and the Ryukyuan officials [[Sho Kokun|Shô Kôkun]] and [[Ba Ryosai|Ba Ryôsai]].
 +
*1854/6/23 (July 17) Perry and his fleet depart Ryûkyû for Hong Kong, taking [[Bernard Bettelheim]] with them.
 +
*1854/int.7/15 (Sept 7) Rear Admiral Sir [[James Stirling]] comes to [[Nagasaki]] with four ships, seeking to attack Putyatin.
 +
*1854/8/23 (Oct 14) The [[Anglo-Japanese Convention of 1854]] is signed.
 +
*1854/9/2 Shogunate officials meet with [[VOC]] factor [[Jan Hendrik Donker Curtius]] in [[Nagasaki]] and discuss the opening of Shimoda and Hakodate to Dutch ships while continuing to restrict trade to the port of Nagasaki alone.
 +
*1854/9/18 (Nov 8) Putyatin's fleet, led by the ''[[Diana]]'', returns to Japan, making port first at Hakodate, then [[Osaka]], before being told to go to Shimoda instead.
 +
*1854/11/4 (Dec 23) [[Ansei-Tokai Earthquake|Ansei-Tôkai Earthquake]]: An earthquake and tsunami strike Shimoda and surrounding areas.
 +
*1854/11/9 [[Ansei-Nankai Earthquake]]: An earthquake and tsunami hit the Nankaidô region.
  
 
==Other Events of 1854==
 
==Other Events of 1854==
 +
*In response to the arrival of the [[Black Ships]] and of Putyatin, the ''bakufu'' calls for all bells in the country to be melted down and refashioned into cannon and rifles - with the exception of bells at head temples (''honzan''), those used for timekeeping, and those of great age and fame.
 
*The ''[[Buke shohatto]]'' are re-promulgated.
 
*The ''[[Buke shohatto]]'' are re-promulgated.
 
*[[Ichikawa Ebizo V|Ichikawa Ebizô V]] leads a troupe on a [[kabuki]] tour in [[Kamigata]] ([[Kansai]]).
 
*[[Ichikawa Ebizo V|Ichikawa Ebizô V]] leads a troupe on a [[kabuki]] tour in [[Kamigata]] ([[Kansai]]).
 
*Reconstuction of [[Matsumae castle]], begun in [[1849]], is completed.
 
*Reconstuction of [[Matsumae castle]], begun in [[1849]], is completed.
 
*Construction on the ''[[tenshu]]'' of [[Matsuyama castle (Iyo)]], begun in [[1820]], is completed.
 
*Construction on the ''[[tenshu]]'' of [[Matsuyama castle (Iyo)]], begun in [[1820]], is completed.
 +
*Expeditionary forces of the [[Russia-America Company]] occupy [[Sakhalin Island]]; the action, and subsequent Russian claims to the island, are justified by Yevfimy Vasilyevich Putyatin based on the concepts of ''terra nullius'' and 'prior occupation.'
 
*[[Sakamoto Ryoma|Sakamoto Ryôma]] completes training in Chiba and returns to [[Tosa han]].
 
*[[Sakamoto Ryoma|Sakamoto Ryôma]] completes training in Chiba and returns to [[Tosa han]].
 
===Births and Deaths===
 
===Births and Deaths===
 +
*Kaei 6/12/26 (Jan 24) Eli Crosby, 2nd assistant engineer on the ''[[USS Susquehanna]]'', dies and is later buried in the [[Tomari International Cemetery]].
 +
*1854/2/8 (March 6) US Marine Private Robert Williams, a member of the crew of the ''[[USS Mississippi]]'', dies and is buried at [[Zotoku-in|Zôtoku-in]] in [[Yokohama]]; his body is later moved to [[Gyokusen-ji]] in [[Shimoda]].
 +
*1854/2/10 [[Oda Nobunori]], lord of [[Kashiwabara han]], dies (b. [[1836]]).
 +
*1854/5/17 American sailor William Board is killed/dies in Naha, and is buried at the [[Tomari International Cemetery]].
 +
*1854/8/18 (Oct 9) Translator [[Nishi Kichibei]] is found dead in his home.
 +
*1854/8/24 [[Fukuyama han]] retainer [[Yamaoka Hachijuro|Yamaoka Hachijûrô]] commits suicide in protest against the shogunate's foreign affairs stances.
 +
*1854/9/28 (Nov 18) John Miller, Captain Aft G on the ''[[USS Vincennes]]'', dies in the Ryukyus and is later buried in Tomari.
 +
*1854/10/1 (Nov 20) John Williams of the ''USS Vincennes'' dies in the Ryukyus and is later buried in Tomari.
 
*Kabuki actor [[Ichikawa Danjuro VIII|Ichikawa Danjûrô VIII]] commits suicide while on tour in [[Osaka]] (b. [[1823]]).
 
*Kabuki actor [[Ichikawa Danjuro VIII|Ichikawa Danjûrô VIII]] commits suicide while on tour in [[Osaka]] (b. [[1823]]).
 
*[[Shinsengumi]] member [[Ichimura Tetsunosuke]] is born.
 
*[[Shinsengumi]] member [[Ichimura Tetsunosuke]] is born.
 +
*Architect [[Katayama Tokuma|Katayama Tôkuma]] is born (d. 1917).
 +
*[[Tsubaki Chinzan]] dies (b. [[1801]]).
 +
  
 
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Latest revision as of 21:33, 2 February 2020

Kaei 7 (嘉永七年) / Ansei 1 (安政元年)

Timeline of 1854

  • Kaei 6/12/22-26 (Jan 20-24) Perry's fourth visit to Ryûkyû. Commodore Perry enters Shuri castle for the second time, as a mere show of authority, but is not granted an audience with any royals.
  • 1854/1/4-5 (Feb 1-2) Perry departs Ryûkyû for Edo.
  • 1854/1/11-24 (Feb 8-21) A Russian fleet under Yevfimy Vasilyevich Putyatin makes port in Naha.
  • 1854/1/14 (Feb 11) Perry's fleet arrives at Edo Bay.
  • 1854/2/29 (March 27) Crimean War: Britain and France declare war on Russia.
  • 1854/3/3 (March 31) The Convention of Kanagawa is concluded.
  • 1854/3/23 Putyatin's fleet arrives once again at Nagasaki.
  • 1854/4/5 The USS Saratoga makes port in Honolulu on its way back to the US from Japan.
  • 1854/5/17 (June 12) Board Incident - American sailor William Board assaults a woman in Naha (or is simply violently drunk more generally) and is killed by a mob of locals (or drowns on his own).
  • 1854/6/2 (June 26) Perry and his fleet depart Shimoda for the final time.
  • 1854/6/7 (July 1) Perry arrives in Ryûkyû for the fifth time.
  • 1854/6/13 There is a fire in the castle-town of Fukui. The fire spreads to more than a thousand homes.
  • 1854/6/17 (July 11) The Treaty of Amity between the Ryûkyû Kingdom and the United States is signed by Commodore Perry and the Ryukyuan officials Shô Kôkun and Ba Ryôsai.
  • 1854/6/23 (July 17) Perry and his fleet depart Ryûkyû for Hong Kong, taking Bernard Bettelheim with them.
  • 1854/int.7/15 (Sept 7) Rear Admiral Sir James Stirling comes to Nagasaki with four ships, seeking to attack Putyatin.
  • 1854/8/23 (Oct 14) The Anglo-Japanese Convention of 1854 is signed.
  • 1854/9/2 Shogunate officials meet with VOC factor Jan Hendrik Donker Curtius in Nagasaki and discuss the opening of Shimoda and Hakodate to Dutch ships while continuing to restrict trade to the port of Nagasaki alone.
  • 1854/9/18 (Nov 8) Putyatin's fleet, led by the Diana, returns to Japan, making port first at Hakodate, then Osaka, before being told to go to Shimoda instead.
  • 1854/11/4 (Dec 23) Ansei-Tôkai Earthquake: An earthquake and tsunami strike Shimoda and surrounding areas.
  • 1854/11/9 Ansei-Nankai Earthquake: An earthquake and tsunami hit the Nankaidô region.

Other Events of 1854

Births and Deaths


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